Forward feature selection with cross-validation incorporates cross-validation at each step to get a reliable estimate of how well a model with a particular set of features is likely to perform on unseen data. Without cross-validation,… A comparison between forward feature selection with cross-validation, forward selection guided by AIC/BIC, and Lasso regularization with Python Code

Supervised learning involves training an algorithm on labeled data and pairing input with correct output. Unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data to find patterns. For example, predicting pizza delivery tips involves features like time, pizza type, distance, and tip history, with the goal of predicting tip outcomes.

This example demonstrates the basic steps of stack generalization with two classifiers (KNN and Random Forest) and a Logistic Regression model as the meta-learner. The predictions of the base models on the training data are… example of stack generalization using K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Random Forest + Python codes

Some popular types of kernels in SVM: 1. Linear Kernel 2. Polynomial Kernel 3. Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel (Gaussian Kernel) 4. Sigmoid Kernel Visualizing the decision boundaries To visualize the decision boundaries, we’ll use… Kernel tricks, SVM properties & kernel choice

Logistic regression is a statistical method used for analyzing datasets in which there are one or more independent variables that determine an outcome. The outcome is typically a binary variable, meaning it has two possible… Logistic Regression: method + Python & R codes

We should normalize or standardize data before applying KNN because the algorithm is distance-based, and unscaled features can distort distance calculations, leading to biased results. In this example, we’ll use the Iris dataset, which is… KNN classification: practical notices & implementation using Python & R

K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) is a popular algorithm used for both classification and regression tasks. In KNN, the output is a class membership, which is assigned based on the majority of the k nearest data points.… K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN): an introduction

Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is a classifier that creates a linear decision boundary by fitting class-conditional densities to the data and applying Bayes’ rule. The model assumes that each class follows a Gaussian distribution with… Linear Discriminant Analysis Implementation in Python & R